This month (April) marks the death of two Shite scholars, one of them Muhammad Kazem Shariatmadari (1985) who was imprisoned in his home and prevented from medical treatment for cancer by order of the Iranian regime and the Supreme Leader. He was diagnosed with cancer whilst in prison and was kept incarcerated despite being a great scholar. Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr was executed in Iraq in 1980, due to his Islamic political activity and his connection to the new Iranian regime which supported an Islamic revolution in Iraq. Islamic political parties in Iraq and Iran celebrate Sadr’s life during the anniversary of his execution, whilst they do not acknowledge the death of Shariatma

The commentary analyses the recent unprecedented decision undertaken by the Japanese government to dispatch Self-Defense Force deployments to the Middle East. It considers the rationales underlying this decision and, more importantly, whether it signals a fundamental shift in Japanese foreign policy towards the region.

Local product development plays a significant role in attracting great numbers of tourists and sustainably creating employment opportunities in local economies. Governments, both central and local, can enact policies to facilitate the development of local products and services that harness distinctive local resources. In our previous commentary, we examined one such policy, the “One Village One Product” movement in Japan, which is characterized by its effective investment in human resources to promote R&D aimed at enhancing the quality of local products and marketing them to wide groups of consumers. The One Village One Product movement, as well

Ruhollah Khomeini was one of the last revolutionaries of the twentieth century and an exceptional case of evolutionism in the modern Iranian political sphere. In the 1979 Iranian revolution, Khomeini reshaped the modern history of Iran, giving it a different kind of governance that had never before existed. This paper discusses how Khomeini managed to gain legitimacy with both the masses and the intellectuals of Iran and analyze why this was possible.   

The Commentary discusses the education-employment linkage in the Kingdom highlighting how schooling practices at the high school level affect young Saudi citizens' transition to university and employment. It particularly focuses on the effect of free track choice and the screening mechanism in the secondary-to-tertiary transition and offers policy recommendations.  

Saudi Arabia has recently experienced rapid growth in women’s economic participation, with female labor force participation nearly doubling from 10.1% in 2000 to 19.6% in 2018. Increasing women’s employment is a key economic and social goal for the Kingdom, and a series of ambitious labor reforms over the past eight years has corresponded with a historic growth of women’s employment in the private sector, which increased over eight-fold from just 71,000 in mid-2011 to 592,000 by the end of 2018.  

In the context of the general elections scheduled for 2020, the Ethiopian Prime Minister turned towards uniting the ruling party and under a new name. In this article, the author reviews the political significance of such initiative; its implications on the outlook of Ethiopian political parties and future alliances in preparation for the upcoming elections. The English translation is currently unavailable.

Perhaps the need for religious tolerance, as it is now in an era of globalization, which means the convergence and mixing of peoples, from the far north to the far south, through the economy and society, and the development of social media tools to what is expressed in a “Glance of the eye” To the maximum. The English translation is currently unavailable.

Regionally-balanced development has been one of the key policy goals of the Saudi government. Today, the need for job creation seems particularly acute in some regions of the Kingdom. According to the General Authority for Statistics, while the national unemployment rate among Saudi citizens was 12.3% in the second quarter of 2019, some regions reached higher rates, such as 20.9% in Jazan and 18.1% in Al-Baha; rates were lower in those with urban centers such as Riyadh (10.1%) and the Eastern Province (10.4%).While an ongoing tourism opening will start to create greater opportunities for local growth in rural regions, the key long-term challenge is to

This commentary argues that on some social issues, such as the current dress code for instance, there appears to be a discrepancy between policy changes announced by the highest level of state, and the wording of the law pertaining to the same issue.